The good news for the U.S. economy came at the very end of 2010. Claims for jobless benefits fell to their lowest level in two years to 388,000 in the week to December 25, marking the first time since 2008 that the number fell below 400,000.
“Other data showed businesses expanded this month [December] at the fastest pace in two decades and pending home sales climbed in November for the fourth time in five months,”
reported Bloomberg.
“Firings may keep easing as a pickup in consumer spending prompts employers to retain staff, a necessary step toward increases in employment that will sustain demand,” Bloomberg added. “Gains in business investment and exports to growing emerging economies may keep factories churning out goods in the coming year, while more jobs may also help housing stabilize.”
So is the U.S. – and by extension, the global economy – really on the road to full recovery in 2011? Perhaps, but expect continued stormy weather. “Batten down the hatches,” Merrill Lynch
warns in its year-end global economic analysis report. “With [the U.S.] still wounded by the recent crisis and with policy stimulus nearly maxed out, the economy remains vulnerable to premature fiscal tightening, a commodity shock and a variety of other downside risks.”
Watching America
For CFOs in Asia trying to read the economic tea leaves in 2011, the U.S. is, of course, a key concern, particularly for companies that export there (as most Asian enterprises are, directly or indirectly) and those that have American subsidiaries. The recent spate of positive numbers is beginning to look convincing to many economists.
“The most significant shift in 2011 and 2012 is likely to be stronger growth in the US,”
Goldman Sachs concludes in its own year-end report. Describing its outlook as “a genuine shift in view,” the investment bank has decided to raise its previous forecast for 2011 by nearly one percentage point, to 2.7%. This is higher than the consensus forecast of 2.4% by major forecasters, as tracked by macro-economics research organization Con
sensus Economics.
What has changed? “Most strikingly, the performance of underlying final demand, or ‘organic growth,’” Goldman explains. Stripping out the short-term effects of inventory swings and fiscal stimulus, the resulting core measure it terms organic growth “is now showing an impressive acceleration and seems to be on track for a 5% (annualised) growth rate in the fourth quarter [of 2010].”
That said, Goldman has caveats. “We are not saying that the US economy will now embark on a V-shaped recovery,” it makes clear. “We are also not saying that deleveraging is over. Indeed, private-sector debt/income ratios are still likely to decline further. But it is the pace of deleveraging – which corresponds to the level of the private-sector balance – that matters for GDP. As the pace of deleveraging slows, the private-sector balance falls, and this implies a positive impulse to GDP growth.”
“Finally, we are not saying that the economy will feel good from a ‘Main Street’ perspective. We only expect a gradual decline in unemployment as growth moves above trend, to 9¼% by the end of 2011 and 8½% by the end of 2012. This is still very high by any absolute standard and far above our 5½% estimate of the structural unemployment rate.”
In other words, Asian exporters that are counting on the return of the American consumer should temper their expectations. There may be improvement in demand, but it will be slight and not likely to goose revenues and the bottom line to a great extent.